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gladiatorial combats

  • 1 depugno

    dē-pugno, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a.
    I.
    To fight eagerly, fight out; to contend, combat violently.
    A.
    Prop. (freq. and class.):

    collatis signis,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 44; cf. Liv. 34, 46:

    acie instructā, * Caes, B. G. 7, 28: multi depugnant gemitusque edunt,

    Lucr. 4, 1015:

    haud procul moenibus,

    Liv. 10, 37; cf. id. 34, 46; 40, 34:

    adversus aliquem,

    Front. Strat. 2, 4, 6 et saep.:

    Torquatus cum Gallo apud Anienem depugnavit,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 22, 73:

    ad depugnandum,

    Nep. Them. 4, 4;

    so of single combat,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 22; id. Fin. 2, 22, 73; Suet. Caes. 39;

    and as a t. t. of gladiatorial combats,

    id. ib. 2, 17 fin.; Asin. Pollio, ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32, 3; Quint. 8, 5, 12 Spald.;

    in the latter sense also with an object: feram,

    Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 6; cf.

    bestias,

    ib. 48, 8, 11.— Pass. impers.:

    ante depugnabitur,

    Cic. Att. 16, 11, 6: so,

    depugnarier,

    Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 36:

    depugnatum est,

    Liv. 7, 26; 9, 39.—
    B.
    Transf. out of the milit. sphere:

    cum animo suo,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 2, 29:

    cum fame,

    id. Stich. 4, 2, 47:

    morti,

    Sil. 10, 475.—And in a figure borrowed from the lang. of gladiators:

    unum par, quod depugnet, reliquum est voluptas cum honestate,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 46; cf.:

    natura atque luxuria depugnant (flores),

    rival one another, Plin. 21, 8, 22, § 46: indocti stolidique et depugnare parati, * Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 184.—
    * II.
    To fight to the end, stop fighting: depugnato proelio, " the day after the fair," Plaut. Men. 5, 6, 31.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > depugno

  • 2 dimico

    dī-mĭco, āvi (e. g. dimicavere, Vell. 2, 85, 1;

    dimicaverant,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 4, 3;

    dimicassent,

    Vell. 2, 85, 5 al.;

    dimicuisse,

    Ov. Am. 2, 7, 2; 2, 13, 28), ātum, 1, v. n., lit., to brandish one's weapons against the enemy, i. e. to fight, struggle, contend (freq. and class.).
    I.
    Lit.:

    manum conserere atque armis dimicare,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 20, 4:

    armis cum aliquo,

    Nep. Milt. 1, 2:

    ferro pro patria,

    Liv. 1, 24:

    acie cum aliquo,

    id. 2, 49 fin.;

    for which: in acie,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 64, 2:

    proelio,

    id. ib. 5, 16, 2;

    6, 31, 1 al.: equitatu,

    Nep. Eum. 3 fin.:

    adversus aliquem,

    Nep. Milt. 4 fin.:

    pro legibus, pro libertate, pro patria,

    Cic. Tusc. 4, 19 et saep.:

    tuto dimicare,

    Caes. B. G. 3, 24, 2; so absol., id. ib. 2, 21, 5; 3, 17 fin. et saep.— Pass. impers.:

    ancipiti proelio dimicatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 63, 3; so,

    proelio,

    id. ib. 1, 41, 3; 3, 72, 3 al.;

    and without proelio,

    id. B. G. 5, 16, 1; id. B. C. 3, 85, 3; Cic. Off. 1, 12, 38; cf.:

    in mortem dimicabatur,

    Vell. 2, 85, 4 al. —In partic. of gladiatorial combats, Suet. Caes. 26; 39; id. Calig. 27; 30; Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 18 al.—
    b.
    With an abstr. subject:

    leonum feritas inter se non dimicat,

    Plin. H. N. 7 prooem. § 5.
    II.
    Transf. beyond the milit. sphere, to struggle, to strive, to contend: omni ratione erit dimicandum, ut, etc., Cic. Div. ap. Caecil. 22, 72:

    dimicantes competitores,

    Liv. 6, 41:

    de sua potentia periculo civitatis,

    Cic. Att. 7, 3; esp. with the accessory idea of risk, hazard: reos, de capite, de fama, de civitate, de fortunis, de liberis dimicantes (for which, shortly before: qui auderent se et salutem suam in discrimen offerre), Cic. Sest. 1: de honore et gloria (for which, shortly before: de vita, de gloria in discrimen vocantur), id. Off. 1, 24, 83:

    de vita gloriae causa,

    id. Arch. 10, 23; cf.:

    de vita,

    id. ib. 11 fin.; Liv. 24, 26: de omnibus fortunis reip., Pompei. ap. Cic. Att. 8, 12 D.:

    de fama,

    Nep. Timoth. 4, 3:

    de liberis,

    Liv. 3, 44 fin.; and:

    de repulsa,

    i. e. at the risk of one, id. 6, 40; cf. also without de:

    ut in singulas horas capite dimices tuo,

    Liv. 2, 12 (in Cic. Fin. 2, 17, 56, the reading is dubious, v. Madv. ad h. l.).—
    b.
    In Tertullian, borrowed from the lang. of gladiators (v. supra, no. I.):

    ad hanc jam lineam dimicabit nostra congressio,

    Tert. Pudic. 6; id. adv. Marc. 1, 7.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > dimico

  • 3 quaestorium

    quaestōrĭus, a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to a quæstor, quæstorian (quite class.):

    officium quaestorium,

    the duty of a quæstor, Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6: scelus, perpetrated in the quæstorship or by a quæstor, id. Verr. 1, 1, 4:

    aetas,

    the age requisite for the quæstorship, Quint. 12, 6, 1; cf.:

    adulescentes jam aetate quaestorios,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:

    scribae,

    of the quæstor, Suet. Dom. 10: scriptum quaestorium comparavit, acted as secretary to a quæstor, id. Vit. Hor.: munera, i. e. gladiatorial combats, which the quæstors were obliged to furnish at their own expense, Cic. Dom. 4:

    comitia,

    id. Fam. 7, 30, 1; Liv. 4, 54 fin.: porta, a gate in the camp near the quæstor ' s tent, Liv. 34, 47:

    forum,

    id. 41, 2: agri, taken from the enemy and sold by the quæstor, Auct. Rei Agr. Sicul. Fl. p. 2:

    dignitas, Cod. Th. 1, 1, 6, § 2: legatus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56:

    ornamenta,

    Suet. Claud. 28.—
    II.
    Subst.
    A.
    quaestōrĭus, ii, m., one who had been quæstor, an ex-quæstor, Cic. Brut. 76, 263; id. Phil. 13, 14, 30; Suet. Oth. 3; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 45; Inscr. Orell. 3990.—
    B. 1.
    (Sc. tentorium.) The quæstor ' s tent in the camp, Liv. 10, 32, 8.—
    2.
    (Sc. aedificium.) The residence of the quæstor in a province:

    Thessalonicam me in quaestoriumque perduxit,

    Cic. Planc. 41, 99.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > quaestorium

  • 4 quaestorius

    quaestōrĭus, a, um, adj. [id.], of or belonging to a quæstor, quæstorian (quite class.):

    officium quaestorium,

    the duty of a quæstor, Cic. Fam. 2, 17, 6: scelus, perpetrated in the quæstorship or by a quæstor, id. Verr. 1, 1, 4:

    aetas,

    the age requisite for the quæstorship, Quint. 12, 6, 1; cf.:

    adulescentes jam aetate quaestorios,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 12, 18:

    scribae,

    of the quæstor, Suet. Dom. 10: scriptum quaestorium comparavit, acted as secretary to a quæstor, id. Vit. Hor.: munera, i. e. gladiatorial combats, which the quæstors were obliged to furnish at their own expense, Cic. Dom. 4:

    comitia,

    id. Fam. 7, 30, 1; Liv. 4, 54 fin.: porta, a gate in the camp near the quæstor ' s tent, Liv. 34, 47:

    forum,

    id. 41, 2: agri, taken from the enemy and sold by the quæstor, Auct. Rei Agr. Sicul. Fl. p. 2:

    dignitas, Cod. Th. 1, 1, 6, § 2: legatus,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 21, § 56:

    ornamenta,

    Suet. Claud. 28.—
    II.
    Subst.
    A.
    quaestōrĭus, ii, m., one who had been quæstor, an ex-quæstor, Cic. Brut. 76, 263; id. Phil. 13, 14, 30; Suet. Oth. 3; Dig. 1, 2, 2, § 45; Inscr. Orell. 3990.—
    B. 1.
    (Sc. tentorium.) The quæstor ' s tent in the camp, Liv. 10, 32, 8.—
    2.
    (Sc. aedificium.) The residence of the quæstor in a province:

    Thessalonicam me in quaestoriumque perduxit,

    Cic. Planc. 41, 99.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > quaestorius

  • 5 amphitheatrum

    amphĭthĕātrum, i, n., = amphitheatron, an amphitheatre, a circular or oval building in which each successive seat, raised above the last, furnished an unobstructed view. From its shape it was sometimes called circus. In Rome it was used for public spectacles: for combats of wild beasts and of ships, but most frequently for gladiatorial shows. It was at first built of wood, but afterwards of stone, and with great splendor. The largest one, designed by Augustus, but begun by Vespasian and finished by Titus, was called the Amphitheatrum Florium, or, since the time of Bede, the Colosseum or Colisœum, perhaps from the Colossus of Nero, which stood close by. This is said to have held eighty-seven thousand spectators, Plin. 19, 1, 6, § 24; Tac. A. 4, 62; id. H. 2, 67; Suet. Aug. 29; id. Calig. 18; id. Vesp. 9; id. Tit. 7; id. Tib. 40; id. Ner. 12; Isid. 15, 2, 35, p. 471 al.; cf. Smith, Class. Dict.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > amphitheatrum

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